Innovations for Sargassum Resilience

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Authors: Speede, Richéda; Alleyne, Kristie; Cox, Shelly-Ann Latoya

Since 2011, the influx of sargassum in the Caribbean and West Africa has posed significant socio-economic challenges. Despite these negative impacts, there is a growing effort to turn sargassum into an opportunity. This has led to the creation of innovative products and services made from sargassum, which are now being marketed both regionally and internationally. The "Sargassum Uses Guide" is the most comprehensive resource on the topic, providing an overview of current and potential uses, along with a directory of innovators and researchers. However, it does not assess the effectiveness of these solutions or provide a global outlook.

This report offers a detailed update on the current landscape of sargassum innovation and governance. It introduces the "Sargometer," a proposed tool to help entrepreneurs evaluate the sustainability and effectiveness of different solutions. The study highlights case studies of leading innovators and their products, while also incorporating community perspectives on various technological solutions. The report concludes with considerations for the future development of the sargassum industry.

Technological solutions for managing sargassum influxes in the Caribbean and Latin America primarily include machinery for onshore and in-water harvesting, as well as various by-products like compost, liquid extracts, bioplastics, biogas, construction materials, clothing, and cosmetics. Some products, such as biostimulants, biofertilizers, and compost, show high potential for short-term commercialization. To maximize the use of sargassum, the study suggests a biorefinery approach. As the industry grows, it is crucial to develop governance structures, including quality and regulatory frameworks, to ensure market success. Policies should also support sustainable sargassum businesses, such as duty-free concessions and free zones for equipment and property acquisition. With the right technology and supportive environment, even small enterprises can thrive internationally.

The overall purpose of this white paper is to compile background information for a strategic status update and critical situational analysis that informs and elicits feedback from key regional stakeholders. It will also form the basis for development of a draft Concept Note for a UNEP Cartagena Convention-led project targeting key issues identified. The paper is not an exhaustive review of all available knowledge on the issue. It focuses on influxes in the Caribbean, with reference to other impacted regions as appropriate. This paper is a living document intended to be regularly updated so that it remains current and relevant. This most recent update is the first revision following the original version presented during the Eighth Meeting of the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee (STAC-8) to the Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and Wildlife (SPAW) in the Wider Caribbean Region held in Panama City, 5–7 December 2018.